“CO2
Emissions Structure of Indian Economy”
Citation: Parikh, J., M. Panda, A.
Ganesh-Kumar and V. Singh. 2009.“CO2
emissions structure of Indian economy”.
Energy, 34(8), pp. 1024-1031.
Abstract: This paper analyses carbon dioxide
(CO2) emissions of the Indian economy by producing sectors and due to household
final consumption. The analysis is based on an Input–Output (IO) table and
Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for the year 2003–04 that distinguishes 25
sectors and 10 household classes. Total emissions of the Indian economy in
2003–04 are estimated to be 1217 million tons (MT) of CO2, of which 57% is due
to the use of coal and lignite. The per capita emissions turn out to be about
1.14 tons. The highest direct emissions are due to electricity sector followed
by manufacturing, steel and road transportation. Final demands for construction
and manufacturing sectors account for the highest emissions considering both
direct and indirect emissions as the outputs from almost all the energy
intensive sectors go into the production process of these two sectors. In terms
of life style differences across income classes, the urban top 10% accounts for
emissions of 3416 kg per year while rural bottom 10% class accounts for only
141 kg per year. The CO2 emission embodied in the consumption basket of top 10%
of the population in urban India is one-sixth of the per capita emission
generated in the US.