About the Symposium

The issues of Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development are of critical importance, particularly, in developing economies. Energy needs of development, throughout the world, are facing an unprecedented challenge. It is estimated that the global energy demand will grow by more than sixty percent in the year 2030, from its level at the beginning of this century, and almost eighty percent of this demand will be in non-OECD countries. Rising socio-economic and environmental concerns of energy use have resulted in search for the new and renewable energy forms such as biomass energy, solar energy, wind energy, etc.  Similarly, the burgeoning environmental problems, both local and global, are posing a serious threat to the mankind and urgent measures are needed to tackle them. The emphasis for ISSF-2010 on Life Cycle Thinking provides the opportunity to address these issues with a holistic scientific approach.

Objective and Scope

The objective of this Symposium is to provide a forum to present and discuss research and action based approaches, of special interest are those related to Life Cycle Thinking, as they are used in achieving sustainability. The objectives will be achieved through bringing together concerned stakeholders, including academicians, research scientists, corporate executives and policy makers, associated with innovative research and action on any aspect of sustainability. Various sessions are planned for presentations and discussions on theoretical aspects and practical applications in the area of sustainable development. Of great interest for the Symposium is the need to identify and reorganize advancements in the region on the subject of Life Cycle approaches application. Several International and Indian experts have been invited to participate in the Symposium and exhaustive discussions are expected to highlight the need of Technological, Socio-Economic and Policy measures for a sustainable future.

It is important to highlight the other main objective of the Symposium, which is to provide an opportunity for national and international experts on LCA to come together to exchange state of the art research and experiences in order to build a net-work for future collaboration and regional dissemination on the subject.

Topics to be Covered

Broadly, the Symposium will cover concepts, methodology and case studies on sustainability aspects of energy and environment sectors.  Some major areas to be addressed are- 

• Problems of local ecosystems concerned with Air, Water, Forests, and Land Resources;
• Health hazards and other effects of Pollution and their solutions;
• Issues of global importance such as Green House Emissions and Climate Change, Ozone Depletion and Trade and Environment Linkages;
• Tools for Assessment of Sustainability including Life Cycle Approaches with special focus on International LCI of the UNEP, LCA/ LCM Models, Social LCA.
• Sustainability of New and Renewable Energy Forms including wind, solar, and biomass energy with special focus on Bioenergy Development in East Asia.

Symposium Schedule

Dates: 11-13 January 2010.

Venue: Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), Mumbai-400065 India.

Expected Output:

The outcome of the Symposium is expected to generate momentum for advanced research and action on concepts of sustainability in India. Proceedings of the Symposium would contain presented papers. Arrangements are being made to publish selected papers in an international journal after peer review.

Invitation for Participation and Call for Papers

Dear Sustainability Stakeholders,

(Academics, Corporates, Policy-makers, Govt. Orgs. CSOs/ NGOs and all concerned)

 The organizers of the Symposium (ISSF-2010) cordially invite you to actively participate in the event. We sincerely hope that your participation in the event as a discussant / speaker would benefit the international audience and exchange of ideas would be immensely fruitful.  

Authors and speakers are requested to submit their papers / talks in the format provided in the template for papers.

Please send the completed registration form to the Convener of ISSF-2010

Vinod K. Sharma

Convener, ISSF-2010

Professor

Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai  400 065, India.

Tel.:    (91-22) 2841 6531/2840 5653;

Fax:     (91-22) 2840 2752 / 2840 5653

Email:  vks@igidr.ac.in

Deadline for Registration/Paper Submission: December 10, 2009

Format of Paper for submission

________________________________________________________________________________

Water Resources and Sanitation

Vinod Kumar Sharma

Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), Mumbai- 400065, (INDIA).
Tel: (91-22) 2841-6531; Fax: (91-22) 2840-5653; E-Mail: vks@igidr.ac.in

Abstract

This paper reviews the state of major sub-sectors of environment in India and examines the effectiveness of policy and other measures adapted to improve their condition. While country’s contribution to global environmental problems such as global warming and ozone depletion may be lower than other transitional economies, the local problems related to air, water, land, etc., within the country, are quite disturbing. Environmental challenges of development strategies are enormous as such issues are no more confined to one discipline or one nation. Thus, to deal with multi-dimensional and multi-national problems, appropriate policies are required at international, national and local levels. It is suggested that environmental policies should be based on facts and rational calculations rather than emotions and debate. If pollution abatement measures are too stringent polluters may not follow them and find alternative ways to bye-pass them. Also, if these measures are too lenient, development processes will go on deteriorating our ecosystem. Therefore, government policies and measures should focus on a strategy that strikes a balance between environmental care and the economic development in the country.

Keywords: Economic Growth, Environmental Laws and Policies, Socio-economic Issues, Sustainable Development, India.

Introduction

More than 97 per cent of the world’s water resources occurs in the form of oceans and only about 2.7 per cent as fresh water bodies including both surface and ground water resources. Thus, fresh water occupies a very small portion of the total water on the Earth in which rivers and lakes do not even get counted as they contribute to a negligible amount (0.014 percent) of all fresh water. Chemically, water is H₂O and since it is regarded as a universal solvent it never exists individually in nature. Nor it is desirable in its purest form as some components like minerals, salts, etc. are required from the health point of view. If any one or more components of water exceed the prescribed limits, it causes water contamination.

In addition to water scarcity, quality of water is also to be considered relative to the proposed use of water. Groundwater quality is also a serious issue as about 85 per cent of India’s population depends on it for drinking and other domestic uses. Leaching of toxic chemicals into the groundwater on account of contamination and over-exploitation is visible in many parts of the country.

Status of Water Resources

Safe and regular water supply is a necessary aspect of development process. Just as surface water is stored in the form of tanks, reservoirs, lakes within the river or drainage channels, groundwater is stored in the aquifers. This section describes the status of various surface and gound water bodies in the State.

Table 2.1: Inland Water Resources in Maharashtra

Water Resource	Quantity
Rivers & Canals (Length in kms)	16000
Reservoir (In lakh ha)	2.79
Tanks, Lakes & Ponds (In lakh ha)	0.50
Beels, Oxbow Lakes & Derelict Water (ha)	NA
Brackish Water (In lakh ha)	0.10
Total Water Bodies (In lakh ha)	3.39

Source: GoI (2004) NA – Not Available

Box 2.1: Notified River Basins of Maharashtra

· Agrani River Basin	· Bombay Island River Basin	· Ghataprabha River Basin
· Konkan Coastal Basin	· Krishna River Basin	· Kundalika River Basin
· Lower Bhima River Basin	· Lower Godavari River Basin	· Nag River Basin
· Narmada River Basin	· Nira River Basin	· North and New Bombay Basin
· Patalganga River Basin	· Satpati Coastal Basin	· Sukna River Basin
· Tapi River Basin	· Ulhas River Basin	· Upper Bhima River Basin
· Upper Godavari River Basin	· Wainganga, Wardha, Penganga River Basin

Source: DoE, GoM (2005)

Surface Water Resources

As shown in Table 2.1, the quantity of inland water resources in Maharashtra is about 3.39 lakh ha, which accounts for only 4.93 per cent of the total inland water resources in the country. Since the state has more than 9 per cent of the country’s population, it indicates that the per capita water availability in the state is (MoWR, 2003).

Figure 2.1: Generation and Collection of Wastewater (mld) from important Coastal States in India
Generation	Collection
Source: CPCB (2002:a)

Figure 2.2: Road Accident Statistics of Mumbai

Source: ToI, April 2005

Conclusions

· Maharashtra contributes about 20 per cent to the industrial output and 13 per cent to the GDP of the country as of 2003-04. Per Capita State income at Rs 29,204 is higher than the National Income at Rs 20,989 (current prices). Over the last four decades, the share of the primary sector has declined from 34.4 per cent to 13.4 per cent while that of the secondary sector has remained more or less constant at about 26 per cent; however, the share of tertiary sector has increased from 39.9 per cent to 60.8 per cent.

· Integration of some of the infrastructure schemes such as construction of roads with the employment and income generation programmes may help in the alleviation of poverty. Medical facilities and provisions in rural areas should also be upgraded. The infrastructure facilities especially power, ports and road network should be improved. Privatisation of distribution of power and water may help in reducing T&D losses, leakages and unauthorised connections.

Recommendations

· There is a need to provide more and efficient irrigation facilities such as properly managed watershed development programmes, drip and sprinkler irrigation systems, etc. The export promotion drive would have to be synchronised with the State’s changing crop pattern in agriculture and allied sectors.

· Department of Industries should introduce such schemes, which focus on total quality management resulting in quality improvement, cost reduction, higher productivity.A marketing strategy is required to address the needs of domestic and international tourists and publicise the tourism potential of Maharashtra through appropriate media.

References

Akhtar, S. Asad (1995): ‘National Lake Conservation Plan’, Hornbill, 2, Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, http://members.tripod.com/MSAAPowai/lakeconserv.htm

Bhakshi (2002): Presentation on “CDM Markets for Renewable Energy Projects” by Mr Rakesh Bakshi (2002), Chairman, RRB Consultants & Engineers Pvt Ltd (http://www.cleantechindia.com/ eicnew/ green2002/RakeshBakshi-speech.htm).

CIPMC (2005) – Central Integrated Pest Management Centre, Nagpur, Dept. of Agriculture & Co-operation, Govt. of India, ( http://dacnet.nic.in/cipmcnagpur)

UNDP, article on Bio-energy Potential of Distillery Effluents - Dr. H.C. Joshi, Environmental Sciences Division, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi.

World Bank (2000): Indoor Air Pollution Newsletter, Energy and Health for the Poor, Issue No: 2.

World Bank (2000): Overview of Rural Decentralisation in India, Vol. II, World Bank, Washington.

WSP (2001): The cancellation of the Pune Water Supply and Sewerage Project: Challenges in Private Sector Participation, Water and Sanitation Programme, New Delhi, http:// www.wsp.org/pdfs/sa_pune.pdf

WSP and DFID (2000): Sustainable Community Management of a Multi-village Water Supply Scheme in Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India, Water and Sanitation Programme, New Delhi.

________________________________________________________________________________

International Symposium on a Sustainable Future, January 11-13, 2010

Registration Form

Date: / / 2009
Deadline: December 10, 2010

(please note that registration will not be is accepted after the deadline)

Name: __________________________________

(First) (Middle) (Last/Family )

Organization & Address: ______________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

Phone: __________________________________ Fax: ___________________________

E-mail: ________________________________

Arrival date: _____________________Departure date _____________________________

Registration Fee Payment Details :

Pay Order/ Demand Draft/Cashier Cheque No.: ____________Dated: ________________

(All fees must be paid in equivalent Indian Rupees (INR) by Pay Order/ Demand Draft / Cashier’s Cheque, drawn in the name of “Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India” and should be payable at par in Mumbai, India).

Participants from	India and Developing Countries	Developed Countries
Registration Fee * (No Accommodation)	INR 5000	INR 10000
Registration Fee** (With 3 Star Accommodation)	INR 20000	INR 25000
Registration Fee** (With 5 Star Accommodation)	INR 25000	INR 30000

Note: * Registration Fee includes the cost of symposium material, lunch on symposium days, morning and evening tea/ coffee.

** Fee with Accommodation includes subsidized accommodation for three nights with all meals.

(Currently exchange rate - One US Dollar = INR 50 (Indian Rupees)

Applicable only if Presenting a Paper:

Paper Title:____________________________________________________________________________________

Author (s):_________________________________________Presented by _______________________________

Consent for publication: I/We hereby take the responsibility for the contents and any issue related to the copy right of the paper entitled as above. I/We also agree to get the paper published in any volume like proceedings, book, monograph, journals, etc. as to be decided by the Organizers.

Name and Signature of the Sole/First Author (on behalf of all authors)_______________________________

Applicable for Delegates from Abroad:

Passport Details: ___________________________ Visa Details : ___________________________________

Signature of the Participant: ___________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

International Advisory Committee

Chairman

· Yoginder K Alagh, Former Minister of Power, Planning and Science and Technology of India and presently, Chairman, IRMA, Anand,  India

Members (in alphabetical order)

· Akira Hibiki, Head of Environmental Economics and Policy, SESD, NIES, Japan

· Alain Dubreuil, Research Scientist, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Canada

· Ana Quiros Lara, President, ECOGLOBAL and ALCALA, Costa Rica

· Anil K. Gupta, Professor, IIM Ahmedabad, India

· Atsushi Inaba, Professor, Kogakuin University, Japan

· Atul Sarma, Member, Thirteenth Finance Commission, India

· B. K. Sahu, Emeritus Professor, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India

· Bas de Leeuw, Head, IRM, United Nations Environment Programme, France

· Claudia A. Pena, Director of Industrial Sustainability, Research Center of Mining and Metallurgy, Chile

· Charles Mbohwa,  Professor, University of Johannesburg,  South Africa

· D.M. Nachane, Director, IGIDR, Mumbai, India

· Hongtao Wang, Associate Professor, Sichuan University, China

· Jenik Radon, Adj. Asst. Professor, Columbia University, USA and
Distinguished University Professor, Monterrey Tech, Queretaro, Mexico

· Man Mohan Sharma, Emeritus Professor of Eminence, ICT, Mumbai, India

· Mark Goedkoop, Chairman, Pre, The Netherlands

· Masayuki Sagisaka, Deputy Director, RISS, AIST, Japan

· M.N.Chaini, Chairman, MEDC and Chairman, Energy Group,  IMC, Mumbai, India

· R. Radhakrishna, Honorary Professor, CESS, Hyderabad, India

· Sanjay Kumar, Indian Revenue Service, CIT Kolkata, India

· Sau Soon, Chen, Senior General Manager, SIRIM Berhad, Malaysia

· Subhas K. Sikdar, Associate Director,  USEPA, Cincinnati, USA

· Suresh Prabhu, Former Minister of Environment and Forests, India

· Tim Grant, Chairman, Life Cycle Strategies Pty Ltd, Australia

· Usha Iyer-Raniga, Asst. Director, CD and Sr. Lecturer, SPCPM, RMIT University, Australia

· Vinod  K. Sharma, Professor, IGIDR, Mumbai, India

Prospective Collaborators

· Asian Productivity Organisation, Japan

· Central Pollution Control Board, India

· Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi, India

· Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India

· Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, India

· Ministry of Environment and Forests, India

· National Institute of Advances Industiral Science and Technology (AIST), Japan

· National Institute of Environmental Studies, Japan, Environment Agency, Japan

· National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, India

· United Nations Environment Program, France

· Unites States Environment Protection Agency, USA

General Information and Logistics

A. Accommodation

Organizers have made arrangements for a highly subsidized accommodation with all meals for three days and three nights (January 11-13, 2010). Please note that the subsidized accommodation will be allotted on first-cum-first-served-basis, as and when we receive the registration form. If any participant wants to come earlier or extend his/ her stay beyond above dates, organizers may try to arrange the same but the participant must inform this well in advance. Such availability, if possible, would be conveyed to the participant.

 While registering, participants could opt for different types of accommodation such as 3 star or 5 star hotels. Participants, who opt for registration with no accommodation, may arrange their own accommodation.

B. How to Reach IGIDR

Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR) is situated at Goregaon East, next to Film city. A map of the road leading to the institute and also a map of the institute campus are attached in the following pages.

B1. From International/Domestic Airport

The distance between IGIDR and International and Domestic Airport is about 13 kms. You can hire a prepaid taxi (fixed cost to be paid upfront on the booking counters meant for the purpose at the airport itself. Taxi charge from International airport to IGIDR is approximately Rs.160 during daytime. Add 25 per cent extra charges if the taxi is hired between 11 PM to 6 AM.

B2. From Railway Stations

Bombay Central (BCT)

This is the terminal station for most of the Western Railway Trains. Distance from IGIDR to Bombay Central station is around 22 kms. You can either take a Local train and get down at Goregaon (East) Station OR hire a taxi to take you to IGIDR Campus. The taxi charges are about Rs.350/-. If you are coming by the local train, you can take a bus (number 343) from Goregaon East Station and get down at IGIDR (Santosh Nagar) bus stop. You can also hire an auto rickshaw or taxi from Goregaon (East) Station to IGIDR, and charges are approximately Rs.35 and Rs.60, respectively.

Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST)

This is the terminal station for most of the Central Railway Trains. Distance from IGIDR to CST is around 30 kms. You can either take a Local train and get down at Goregaon (East) station OR hire a taxi to take you to IGIDR Campus. Taxi charge from CST station to IGIDR is approximately Rs. 500.

Dadar (DR)

This is the Common Junction for both Central and Western Railway Trains.  Distance from IGIDR to Dadar station is around 18 kms.  You can either take a Local train and get down at Goregaon (East) station OR hire a taxi to take you to IGIDR Campus. The taxi charges are about Rs.220/-.

 C. Taxi Services in Mumbai

There are several taxi services available in Mumbai area.  Some are MERU Cabs (Tel: 4422-4422), MEGACAB (Tel: 4242-4242) and normal Black & Yellow Taxis.  Better to use MERU & MEGA cabs.  Exact charges are reflected on the bill which is given as print out to passengers by these cab drives.  Black and White taxis meter reading is to be multiplied by Rs. 15/- to get the total charges.  Similarly, Black and Yellow Auto Rickshaws (3 wheelers) are also available & their meter reading is multiplied by Rs. 10/-  to get the total charges.

D. Weather in Mumbai

Mumbai is a Coastal City and, in general, it does not have any season of extreme weather. In the month of January, the weather is quite pleasant and it is neither too cold nor too hot. In general, warm clothing and umbrella are not required but some of you may like to wear light warm clothes if moving out during evening/night hours.

E. Indian Currency

The Indian Currency is known as Rupee (written as Rs. Or INR) and each Rupee is divided into 100 paise. Currently, One US Dollar is equivalent to about Rs.50. Foreign delegates may exchange the currency on arrival at the airport or they can also do so at any Bank in the city. Please do not take any exchange from any unauthorized person.

E. Telephone Services

You can make call by using any public telephone booth operated manually or by using prepaid telephonic card or coins automatically.

For International Calls Dial (00 + Country Code + Area Code + Telephone Number)

For Within India Calls Dial (0 + Area Code + Telephone Number)

If necessity arises, or in case of emergency, you can call following numbers for assistance:

· Police: 100

· Fire: 101

· Ambulance: 102

· Telephone Directory Enquiry: 197    

F. Road Map to IGIDR (off Western Highway)

G. Sketch of IGIDR Campus

Organizing Committee and Contact

· Vinod K. Sharma, Professor, IGIDR, (Convener, ISSF-2010),

· Pushpa Trivedi, Professor, HSS, IIT Bombay

· Vijay Laxmi Pandey, Associate Professor,  IGIDR 

· Pankaj Kumar, Research Scholar, IGIDR

· Vikash Gautam, Research Scholar, IGIDR

· Jayshree Borkar, Secretary,  IGIDR

For more Information, Please Contact

Secretariat, ISSF-2010
Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR)

Mumbai 400 065, India.
Tel.: (91-22) 28416 531/ 2840 5653
Fax: (91-22) 2840 2752 / 5653
Email: issf2010@igidr.ac.in

Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR) is an Advanced Research Institute of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), recognized as a Deemed University with A⁺⁺ (highest) rating. It was conceptualized by the present Prime Minister of India, Dr. Manmohan Singh, during his tenure as the Governor of the RBI, and was inaugurated in 1987 by Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, the then Prime Minster of India.  

The institute focuses on development issues of national and international importance through its various programs with inter-disciplinary perspectives.

Some of the major academic and research activities of the institute cover the following areas:

· Environment and development – with focus on sustainable development, natural resource accounting, greenhouse emissions, trade and environment linkages, global negotiations,

· Energy and development – with focus on energy, systems, demand and supply, new and renewable energy

· Macroeconomic, trade, monetary and fiscal policies,

· Infrastructure and urban development,

· Agricultural and rural development,

· Poverty and employment, and

· Governance and policy

To facilitate dissemination of its policy oriented research, the Institute encourages work in collaboration with government departments and international agencies. Several assignments have been completed for international organizations such as UNDP, UNEP, UNCED, UNCTAD, ESCAP, CREED, IIED, JETRO, ERIA, AIST, APO, the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank.  Institute collaborates with reputed Indian organizations including the Planning Commission, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Ministry of Power, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy CSOs, NGOs and Corporate Sector. In addition, the Institute frequently hosts several national and international events such as conferences, seminars, training, workshops, etc. The Institute also conducts academic programs at Masters’ level leading to Ph.D. These programs are designed to create professionals who are capable of conducting policy analysis, relating to national and international development issues in an inter-disciplinary manner.

For more details about IGIDR, please go through

http:/www.igidr.ac.in/